For Providers -- Atlas of Human Anatomy

The ligaments of the vertebra, the proximal ends of the ribs and of the pelvis from their ventral (anterior or volar) surface.

Translated by: Ronald A. Bergman, PhD and Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed

a) Sphenoid bone, body.
b) Temporal bone.
c) Atlas, first cervical vertebra.
d) Atlas, transverse process.
e) Axis (epistropheus), second cervical vertebra.
f) Seventh cervical vertebra.
g) First thoracic vertebra.
h) Twelfth thoracic vertebra.
i) First rib.
k) Twelfth rib.
l) First lumbar vertebra.
m) Fifth lumbar vertebra.
n) Sacral bone.
o) Coccygeal bones.
p) Iliac bone.
q) Iliac crest.
r) Anterior superor iliac spine.
s) Anterior inferior iliac spine.
t) Pubic bone, horizontal ramus.
u) Pubic bone, descending ramus.
v) Pubic symphysis.
w) Ischium bone, ascending ramus.
x) Ischium bone, tuberosities.
y Ischium bone, descending ramus.
z) Femoral bone (femur).

SeePlate 3 for details of the bones of the pelvis

1. anterior longitudinal ligament.
2. anterior atlantooccipital membrane and atlantooccipital articular membrane.
3. ligaments and intervertebral disks.
4. intertransverse ligaments.
5. capsular ligaments, heads of ribs.
6. medial ligament at neck of the ribs.
7. lateral ligament at neck of the ribs.
8. posterior intercostals ligaments.
9. lumbocostal ligaments.
10. superior iliolumbar ligaments.
11. inferior iliolumbar ligaments.
12. sacroiliac ligaments.
13. sacrospinous ligaments.
14. anterior sacrococcygeal ligament.
15. ligaments of the obturator foramen.
16. femoral capsular ligament.
17. zone of orbicular ligament.
18. iliofemoral ligament.
19. bursa for m internal iliac.
20. pubic bone, arcuate bone.
21. pubic bone, annular ligament.