The immune system in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fabricius :
IX. Effects of aflatoxin B1 on growth performance, blood components,
immune function and histopathological changes in black tiger shrimp
(Penaeus monodon Fabricius)
ระบบภูมิคุ้มกันโรคในกุ้งกุลาดำ : IX. การศึกษาผลของ Aflatoxin B1 ต่อการเจริญเติบโต องค์ประกอบเลือด ระบบภูมิคุ้มกันโรค และเนื้อเยื่อในกุ้งกุลาดำ
Mali Boonyaratpalin, Aquatic Animal Nutrition Expert, D. of Fisheries, Kaset Klang, Bangkok
Kidchakan Supamattaya, Assoc. Prof., D. of Aquatic Sci., F. of Natural Resources, PSU.
Duangchan Suprasert, D. of Medical Sci., Nontaburi
Chusak Borisuth, National Institute of Coastal Aquaculture, Songkhla
Corresponding e-mail : skidchak@ratree.psu.ac.th
Grant : BIOTEC and Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI)
Published : Songklanakarin J Sci Technol 2000, 22(Suppl.) : 641-652
Key words : aflatoxicosis, aflatoxin B1, black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon,
histopathology, immune system
Black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) was given feed containing six levels of maize aflatoxin B1 i.e. 17 37 74 126 and 220 ppb, there were no statistically significant differences regarding growth, feed intake or FCR during an 8-week period of experiment. The total hemocyte counts, phenoloxidase activity as well as SGOT, SGPT in plasma showed increasing trends with increasing concentrations
of aflatoxin B1, although without difference from the control. There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase among the treatments.
At 0, 17 and 37 ppb of aflatoxin B1 concentrations, no histological changes were observed in hepatopancreatic tissues while at the concentrations of 74, 126 and 220 ppb, atrophic changes of he-patopancreatic tubules and hyperplasia of intertubular tissue and partial necrosis of tubular epithelium were clearly observed. The severity of histological changes correlated with the concentrations of afla-toxin B1 the shrimps received.
Aflatoxin B1 at 37 ppb caused no histological changes in hepatopancreatic tissues, which are
an important indication normally recognized prior to the effect on growth performance. There was no residual aflatoxin B1 remaining in the shrimps given 0-220 ppb aflatoxin B1 and, therefore, there is
least possibility that the aflatoxin B1 would be passed on to the consumers.
Among thirty four feed samples collected from shrimp feed manufacturers and forty four sam-ple from shrimp farms, there was only one sample from the farm that contained 48 ppb aflatoxin B1. This suggests that aflatoxin B1 contamination in the shrimp feeds occur either during the transportation or the storage and it can be prevented.
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