Humoral antibody response to Porphyromonas gingivalis in periodontitis patients
Orasa Anusaksathien, Asst. Prof., D. of Conservative, F. of Dentistry, PSU.
Rawee Teanpaisan, Asst. Prof., D. of Stomatology, F. of Dentistry, PSU.
Grant : Faculty of Dentistry, PSU.
Published : J Dent Assoc Thai 2000 : 28-33
Presented : The 8th International Association for Dental Research/Southeast Asia Division,
1993, Hong Kong
Key words : IgG, antibody, P. gingivalis, periodontitis
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) has been implicated in the etiology of periodontitis. Controversy findings on antibody response to P. gingivalis in various forms of periodontitis have been reported. The present study examined serum IgG antibody against P. gingivalis from 20 rapidly progressive periodontits (RPP) and 18 advanced adult periodontits (AAP) as compared to that of 19 healthy control subjects using ELISA. P. gingivalis was anaerobically isolated from subgingival
plaque of a 9 mm. Pocket of a RPP patient and used as plate antigen throughout the study. IgG anti-body levels to P. gingivalis were significantly elevated (p<0.001, Mann-Whitney U test) in AAP patients than in control subjects. However, antibody response to P. gingivalis varied greatly in RPP group. The RPP group was divided into two subgroups, one composed of 14 RPP patients who exhi-bited mean bone loss more than 50% with at least one hopeless periodontally involved tooth. The other 6 RPP patients exhibited mean bone loss between 20-40% with no hopeless tooth. It was found that IgG antibody levels to P. gingivalis were significantly higher (P<0.05, Mann-Whitney U test) only in the severe RPP group than in the control group. Whereas in the less severe RPP group IgG antibody response did not differ from that found in the control group. It is concluded from this preliminary study that IgG antibody response to P. gingivalis is enhanced in severe forms of periodontitis patients and may play a role in pathogenesis of periodontitis.
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